Thursday, July 30, 2020
A day without rain
A day without rain I was born in the province of Sichuan and speak the Sichuan dialect. I imagine it as the equivalent of a southern hill-billy drawl. Therefore, I, the Sichuan native, belong to a species quite closely resembling what is a home-grown, born and bred, red-blooded American hick. Its strange to me to be considered an East-Coaster a city-dweller, an on-the-go young professional from the Northeast. However, in any kind of a tight bind, Ive been known to identify myself Boston, sometimes, New Haven, and if someone really presses, even a little bit New York. Well, as an East-Coaster, naturally I have some complaints about the weather. Largely, there is none. For the first month and a half I was here I did not see a cloudy day. We went about our lives in front of a still picture of a backdrop. Picture perfect, of course. I began to forget about weather altogether. Recently I purchased a bicycle, to help me commute to and from work. I moved to a shared house in Los Altos Hills (subletting for a short time) which is some 5 miles away. Someone asked me recently how I would get to work if it rained. So, what if it rained?, they said. It wont. But itd never occurred to me before. This made me quite sad. Id begun to forget about rain. A week ago it rained. I still lived in the lodge then. It had been threatening to rain all day darker and denser clouds than Ive seen here yet rolled across the sky. One wave after another. The day was filled with tension. Questions perched at the tips of our tongues. Speculation abound. Most summers it doesnt rain even once. At least not lately. Wed be pretty lucky if we get a good rain storm this year, some co-workers explained. And we waited. Our eyes flickering to the windows, while outside it darkened. 4 p.m. Our building shook with a loud noise and a rattling sound persisted a pit-pat, pit-pat. Is it raining? One co-worker rushed to the windows. Then another. Soon, there was a small gathering near the one window not blocked by foliage. I peered out, hopeful. A sliver of light peeked through the dark clouds glowing gold with afternoon sun. I squinted for movement. My eyes searched. Pavement. Glimmers. Dark objects against which the streaks would show. Everyone wanted to know. Is it? No, it was the A/C. That evening under the blue and black sky sitting streetside near a cafe in downtown Mountain View, I popped open my laptop leaned my bike against the wireframe table and propped my feet up on an empty chair. The streets were motion and people. The clouds that had obstructed the sunset shuddered and from the sky came several drops of rain. One landed on my face, and I looked up. Another on my computer screen. Later that night it rained in earnest. The unmistakable rustle of trees. I snuck out of bed at 4am, kicked my roommates snoring friend, and stood on the porch to smell the rain. The rain rolled off the dry leaves, bounced around on the dry grass below and barely wetted the dry dirt before it evaporated. The whole thing lasted about 10 minutes. But it was enough. I was happy. Without further ado here are some Yosemite pictures: Like I said earlier, here is the context for the pictures: Satellite group here (at NASA) went on an observing trip to Yosemite. They were building a low cost 30(?) inch telescope and set it up on Glacier Point to observe for two nights. I tagged along. General pictures Some hiking trails that led up to a waterfall: this one is a stitched panorama taken at the top of the waterfall: The telescope was set up at Glacier Point (daytime and night shots): The end! -Lulu
Friday, May 22, 2020
Case Study Brand Jordan Selling a Legend - 4290 Words
Case Study Brand Jordan: Selling a Legend Introduction March 2006 ââ¬â Larry Miller, President of The Jordan Brand, finally had a few moments to relax. He sat in his office in the Jerry Rice Building at the Nike World Campus in Beaverton, Oregon, taking in the late afternoon sun. The latest advertising campaign was a success and sales were at an all-time high. But Miller knew that now was the time to plan for tomorrowââ¬â¢s success. He turned to the briefs on his desk, which contained various recommendations about how to improve the Jordan Brandââ¬â¢s collection of athlete endorsers. Four potential endorsers in particular stood out, each representing a new strategic direction for the brand to take. Miller needed to decide which, if any, ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In 1996, he appeared in a movie called Space Jam, in which he received top billing along with cartoon character Bugs Bunny. He again proved to be a trendsetter as athletes began to appear more often in feature films and endorse more products unrelated to s ports. Certain people within Nike, among them Howard White and Tinker Hatfield, believed very early on that Jordan could be much more than an athlete who endorsed shoes. As early as 1988, there were plans to start a brand around Michaelââ¬â¢s unique personality and wide appeal (see Appendix X). Michael Jordan Achieves Immortality Between 1991 and 1998, Jordan won six NBA titles with the Chicago Bulls and an Olympic Gold medal for the U.S. Basketball team. Having also earned five MVP awards and ten NBA scoring titles, he became one of the most decorated athletes of all time. After winning three consecutive NBA championships concluding with the 1992-93 season, Jordan retired from basketball in order to compete as a professional baseball player. After a short and mediocre baseball career, he returned to play for the Chicago Bulls in 1995. Every bit as much the leader and competitor he had been before, Jordan won another three consecutive NBA championships before retiring once again after the 1997-98 season. Jordan also accumulated many famous moments such as game winning shots and extraordinarily athletic plays that helped to define hisShow MoreRelatedRevitalizing Snapple: A Case Study Report2891 Words à |à 12 Pagesï » ¿Revitalizing Snapple: A Case Study Report Introduction From 1972-1993 Snapple Fruit Juice Company flourished while many startup premium fruit drinks struggled and, in many cases, failed. In fact, most of Snapples successful competitors during this time were sold to larger distribution companies allowing Snapple to create a Brand image and distribution alliance for the smaller guy. They were a cult classic, promoted by loud, brash promoters like Howard Stern and Rush Limbaugh who had huge followingsRead MoreThe Analysis of Marketing Communications Campaign with the Case of Nike Football Shoes2352 Words à |à 10 Pagesmodel about the marketing communications campaign in sport industry. The model includes five parts: Align with marketing objective, consider the target market, set promotional objectives and develop promotional mix. Finally, I will take Nike as a case study; evaluate their practice on these steps, and show how Nike company promote their football shoes on their marketing communication campaign. Literature Review Schramm (1960) argues that there are four key components involved in communications process:Read MoreEssay about Marketing and Snapple3397 Words à |à 14 Pagespremium fruit drinks struggled and, in many cases, failed. In fact, most of Snapples successful competitors during this time were sold to larger distribution companies allowing Snapple to create a Brand image and distribution alliance for the smaller guy. They were a cult classic, promoted by loud, brash promoters like Howard Stern and Rush Limbaugh who had huge followings of independent, stick-it-to-the-man listeners. Snapple also created the legend of Wendy Kaufman, a former truck dispatcherRead Morenike vs adidas Essay14192 Words à |à 57 PagesFLAGSHIP PRODUCTS, MAJOR PRODUCT LINES, RECENT FORAYS 1.7. HISTORY OF THE BRANDS 2. MARKETING STRATERGY 2.1. CUSTOMERS 2.2. COMPETITORS 2.3. COLLABORATORS 2.4. COMPANY 2.5. CONTEXT 2.5.1.TECHNOLOGY 2.5.2.SOCIO CULTURAL 2.5.3.ECONOMIC 3. SEGMENTATION, TARGETING, POSITIONING 3.1. MARKET SEGMENTATION 3.2. SEGMENTS TARGETED 3.3. PODÃâºS AND POPÃâºS 3.4. VALUE PROPOSITION 3.5. POSITIOING 3.6. EVOLUTION AS A BRAND 4. MARKETING MIX 4.1. PRODUCT 4.2. PLACE 4.3. PRICING 4.4. PROMOTION 5Read More The History of Rock and Roll Essay2089 Words à |à 9 Pagescombinations of bands started to evolve late in the music era that included guitar, stand-up bass, piano, drums, and a horn section. These bands soon created a jazz and blues hybrid sound. One of the first musicians to combine jazz and blues was Louis Jordan who originated the ââ¬Å"jump bluesâ⬠, an up-tempo, hard driving, blues-based dance music (Kallen, 2012, 14). Jordanââ¬â¢s jump blues inspired many musicians including Wynonie Harris, an RB singer that is credited with pioneering rock in roll in 1947. à à à à à ShortlyRead MoreThe History of Rock and Roll Essay2144 Words à |à 9 Pagescombinations of bands started to evolve late in the music era that included guitar, stand-up bass, piano, drums, and a horn section. These bands soon created a jazz and blues hybrid sound. One of the first musicians to combine jazz and blues was Louis Jordan who originated the jump blues, an up-tempo, hard driving, blues-based dance music (Kallen 14). Jordans jump blues inspired many musicians including Wynonie Harris, an RB singer that is credited with pioneering rock in roll in 1947. ShortlyRead MoreNike Football: World Cup 2010 South Africa12246 Words à |à 49 Pagesin 1962. The company worked with Japanese shoe manufacturer Onitsuka as a US footwear distributor for Tiger shoes, selling merchandise from the back of cars at various track meets. In 1971 the relationship between BRS and Onitsuka went sour. At the same time, Knight and Bowerman were ready to make the leap from only distributing shoes to designing and manufacturing their own brand of athletic footwear. In 1972 the company changed its name to Nike, after the Greek goddess of victory, and beganRead MoreConverse Analysis6694 Words à |à 27 Pagesï » ¿ Company Perspectives: The Company s marketing strategy is targeted on the Converse All Star brand, which is positioned as the American performance brand with authentic sports heritage. The company believes that there are significant opportunities to build the brand, which commands high consumer awareness generated by reason of its 95-year history. The company s consumer research has become an integral part of its product development, advertising campaigns and in-store point ofRead MoreUnderstanding Marketing Management16709 Words à |à 67 Pagesdemand for products and services, which, in turn, creates jobs. By contributing to the bottom line, successful marketing also allows firms to more fully engage in socially responsible activities.2 CEOs recognize the role of marketing in building strong brands and a loyal customer base, intangible assets that contribute heavily to the value of a firm. Consumer goods makers, health care insurers, nonprofit organizations, and industrial product manufacturers all tru mpet their latest marketing achievementsRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words à |à 522 Pagesââ¬â an introduction Marketing environment Marketing with other functional areas of management Market segmentation Market targeting and positioning Product management Brand management Pricing Channel design and management Retailing and Wholesaling Integrated Marketing Communication Advertising management Sales promotion Personal selling Public relations Understanding individual consumer behaviour Understanding industrial consumer behaviour Customer satisfaction Customer relationship management Marketing
Sunday, May 10, 2020
Assessment Of Teaching And Learning - 1400 Words
Assessment for Learing (AfL) forms a critical feature of teaching in the present day ââ¬â more and more it is becoming a focal point of the teaching practice. It is becoming a key component of lesson planning and is an aspect of teaching and learning AfL forms part of teaching standard 6 ââ¬Å"make accurate and productive use of assessmentâ⬠(Department for Education, 2011) and this includes both summative and formative assessment. Formerly, the focus of teaching and of lesson planning was heavily weighted towards summative assessment which can be defined as occurring when teachers ââ¬Å"evaluate a final product. It usually takes place at the end of a chapter, a unit of study, a benchmark period, a quarter, a course, a semester, or an academic yearâ⬠â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This prompted further studies into the importance of assessment for learning and in 1998 Black and Wiliam ââ¬â as part of the Assessment Reform Group - published ââ¬ËInside the Black Box: Raising the Standards through Classroom Assessmentââ¬â¢. This publication took 9 years of research to complete and reviewed over 250 sources. The aim of this review was to highlight the importance of assessment for learning in raising the standard s in the classroom. Black and Wiliam, although in agreement that formative assessment forms a key part of classroom learning, ask three pertinent questions: ââ¬Å"Is there evidence that improving formative assessment raises standards? Is there evidence that there is room for improvement? Is there evidence about how to improve formative assessment?â⬠(Black and Wiliam, 1998) These questions formed the foundation of their review and analysed the need not only for assessment for learning but the extent to which it promotes the raising of classroom standards. Focussing on the primary question, ââ¬Ëis there evidence that improving formative assessment raises standardsââ¬â¢ from their review it can be established that the findings concluded a resounding ââ¬Ëyesââ¬â¢ across the board. A study by Fuchs et al. (1997) detailed an article on low achieving students (both with and without disabilities) that highlighted the importanceShow MoreRelatedDFA7130 Teaching, Learning and Assessment. Essay2888 Words à |à 12 Pagesthe learning theories tell you about different ways to help learners learn most effectively â⬠¢ How different types of assessment help in supporting and monitoring learning and helping learners to make progress â⬠¢ How applying learning and assessment theories might help you to develop and extend your current approaches to enabling and assessing learning Section 2 â⬠¢ Scheme of Work â⬠¢ Session Plan â⬠¢ What you have taken into account when selecting the subject content and learning outcomesRead MoreTechnology Based Learning, Assessment, And Teaching1766 Words à |à 8 Pagesengaging and powerful learning experiences, technology also provides access to content, resources and assessments that measure student achievement in a more complete and meaningful ways. Studies show that there is a direct correlation between the use of technology and improvements in student achievement. Research demonstrates extraordinary success with trying to reengage students who have been struggling with learning. It shows that 98% percent of the learners improve in their learning when exposed toRead MoreAssessment Unit 002 Understanding Inclusive Learning and Teaching in Lifelong Learning2719 Words à |à 11 Pages6302 Level 3 Award in Preparing to Teach in the Lifelong Learning Sector Unit 002 Understanding Inclusive Learning and Teaching in Lifelong Learning Name: Date: Word Count: 1.1 Summarise learning and teaching strategies used in own specialism As a First Aid Instructor, I deliver a variety of courses lasting between one to three days in duration. I try and vary my teaching styles depending on the subject and also on the learning styles of the students. Achieving the correct balance isRead MoreService Learning Group Project: Senior Center Assessment and Teaching706 Words à |à 3 PagesService learning is an important element of nursing education. 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For example, when using a compare and contrast organizer students learn to use words like similar, likewise, and however (Gottlieb, 2006). From my experience, a studentââ¬â¢s writingRead MorePTLLS Overview1077 Words à |à 5 Pagesin the Lifelong Learning Sector (PTLLS) at Level 4. Preparing to Teach in the Lifelong Learning Sector (PTLLS) at Level 4 Total credit value (at Level 4) 12 Total GLH 4 x units (each @ 12 GLHs) = 48 Units being run and assessed: Group Unit title Level Credit value GLH A Roles and responsibilities and relationships in lifelong learning 4 3 12 Learning outcomes: The learner will Assessment Criteria: The learner can 1. Understand own role and responsibilities in lifelong learning 1.1 Summarise keyRead MoreMethods in Performing Assessment962 Words à |à 4 Pages A) Principles of assessments. B) Peer and self assessment. C) Feedback and questioning. D) Types of assessment records. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Beijing Market Entry Strategy Free Essays
Beijing market entry strategy for Frozen Food This report aims to analyze the entry of frozen Beijing market. Use a SWOT analysis approach analyzes the companyââ¬â¢s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The report has identified a marketing strategy of entry that will help our company to enter the market effectively. We will write a custom essay sample on Beijing Market Entry Strategy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Contains: 1 Summary of the company 2 Frozen market in Beijing 3 SWOT analysis 4 Marketing strategy suggested input. Summary of the company Our frozen food company is only imaginary for this work. This is a company that wants to enter the Beijing market and it conducts a study to define the entry strategy. Our company sells all kinds of frozen food from cans to larger products. For now only work in Europe and we are planning to expand in the world soon. Frozen market in Beijing The frozen food market in Beijing is currently booming in China is expected to grow 16. 1 billion in 2012, mainly concentrated in big cities like Beijing and Hong Kong. The annual demand for frozen products is growing around a 3-4% in Beijing, provided by Datamonitor 2009 Is such an increase, now, ASIAN SEAFOOD exposure has a new section called Frozen Food Asia, there is provided a forum for buyers to be face to face with suppliers of frozen food in several categories, which are the most important: Ready meals, Chilled and frozen meat products, Frozen fish, Seafood, Vegetables, Potato products, Fruit, Pizza, Bakery products, Cheese, Ice cream, Desserts SWOT ANALYSIS As our company wants to expand and take advantage of the boom that is taking frozen food in Beijing, you need to analyze the market. This section analyzes the company in terms of market Beijing adopting the SWOT approach. Strengths | Weaknesses | High Quality Products| Poor Operate systemExistence of large companies in the sectorUnfamiliar brand| Opportunities | Threats | Rise of frozen food in Beijing Growing | Rising raw material prices| Strengths High Quality Products For the development of our products use high quality raw materials. It is this Which Helps the holding company its competitive advantages. Undoubtedly This value will make the company easy to Developing its new market. Weaknesses Poor Operate system The control overhead is one of the weaknesses that impede the growth of the company. Investment in research and advertising are very low in relation to its competitors. Also the management system of the company is also quite poor. Existence of largue companies in the sector There are already large companies in the Beijing market, and this is very opposed to seize important part of the market share. Unfamiliar brand Being a brand new, we have the problem that we are not known, and this makes it difficult for the company at first, because it affects sales. Opportunities Rise of frozen food in Beijing Growing We know that the frozen food market is constantly growing in Beijing, this will affect very positively to our company. Threats Rising raw material prices With the price of basic food and feed commodities on the rise, food manufacturers are increasingly facing pressure on their margins. In our company we use basic raw materials in large amounts. If raw material prices continual rise, it would thus lead to increased pressure on the companyââ¬â¢s margins. MARKETING PLAN FOR THE FROZEN FOOD COMPANY Expand into the market for frozen food Beijing can succeed, because other companies already have. But for this we must make a general strategy and go step by step with the plans. The strategy refers to the innovation of feedback regarding the traditional values of the company. This calls for new product innovation strategy, distribution channels, sales promotion and development of new markets as well. The entrance to the Chinese market frozen food, in particular, requires that the plan adequately prepared as presented below. The process of globalisation has witnessed the rapid growth of international activities (Frank 1994). Once a firm expands its operations outside the borders of its own nation-state and outside the dominance of its own home culture, the influence of the host countriesââ¬â¢ national cultures becomes reality (Fatehi 1996). Conducting business across international boundaries requires interaction with people and their organizations nurtured in different cultural environments (Kale and Barnes, 1992). Therefore the need for knowledge and understanding of the social-cultural difference between host country and home country becomes of paramount importance. For most western people, China is still a mystic country owing to its cultural features being completely different from those of western countries (Ghauri et al, 2001). Indeed, the traditional Chinese culture, in which Confucian philosophy is dominant, is a high context culture, which is opposite to western culture which is low context. It also has its own incredibly complex Chinese condition (guo qing), which always confuses western people (Ghauri et al, 2001). All of these make western negotiators feel difficult and confused when they negotiate with Chinese negotiators. Many failed negotiations are caused by the poor understanding of Chinese culture or lacking of awareness of the Chinese business negotiation style (Kirkbride, Tang ; Westwood, 1998). This is why more and more scholars are studying Sino-Western Business Negotiation in order to be more effective in negotiations with Chinese. CHOOSING A STRATEGY FOR ENTRY IN THE MARKET Choosing appropriate entry strategy To compare with its counterparts, our company has missed an early chance to develop the Chinese market. However, it may enjoy the advantages over the follower strategy in terms of initial market costs and questionable effectiveness. Indeed, for pioneer entrants, some factors such as demand uncertainty, entry scale, advertising intensity, entry time of followers, and the scope of the economy are all risk. Now for Our Frozen Food Company, it is more easily to develop effective entry strategy into the emerging market in Beijing. Moreover, studies have demonstrated that those innovative late entrants grow faster than pioneers and have higher market potentials and repeat sales rates. Moreover, they can slow the pioneerââ¬â¢s growth and reduce its marketing spending effectiveness. Nonetheless, in doing so as innovative late entrants, apart from the above mentioned general innovation strategy, the company needs to study how to build its distribution channel in short order and to develop it market share. In so doing, an effective way is to set up joint venture through the Frozen Food Company for to find an appropriate counterpart to merge it and use its distribution channel and factories. This strategy has been evidenced by many examples. Conclusion This work has analysed the FROZEN FOOD COMPANY case, to look at its entry strategy to Beijing of frozen food market. Although our company currently runs smoothly, it has to seek for new income point if it is fighting survival in the future. The Beijing frozen food market as an emerging market, although it is also competitive, provides a great potential to increase income. The company have its key strengths in developing new market, and it is right time to think about its future. However, the weaknesses accompanied with the company could be risk in developing new market, as well as external environment. In general, our company may make success in entry to Beijing frozen food market if following a proper marketing strategy. How to cite Beijing Market Entry Strategy, Papers
Wednesday, April 29, 2020
Romeo and Juliet creative response Essay Example
Romeo and Juliet: creative response Paper Here is a new scene that could be slotted into the play of Romeo and Juliet at the end. My new scene begins as Romeo is on his way to the tomb where Juliet is lying, at the stage when everyone believes that she is dead. Romeo, who also believes Juliet is dead, is racing to reach her. Police cars are chasing him, people are shouting, guns are firing. The streets are busy and filled with traffic and all of it is after Romeo. It is dark, apart from the hard, empty light created from police torchlight and neon signs. There is a lot of rain and shouting of the police and people, all wanting to kill Romeo. Romeo reaches the tomb and heads inside. The rest of the people are left outside. In time, the noise levels of the crowd surrounding the tomb drop to a silence. The guns stop firing and the people stop shouting. All the actors are either almost in a freeze staring at the tomb, or lightly sobbing with shock and distress, yet in slow motion, none of which is over acting. There is a slow, depressing song playing quietly. As the audience catches a glimpse of the setting- so many people, all wet from the rain and their tears, the surrounding buildings broken and falling apart, the police cars crashed and damaged. When suddenly, with no warning, a gunshot is heard. A loud, echoing gunshot that stuns everyone and ceases the music. It was Juliets gunshot, the one she used to kill herself for real. Slowly, still in shock the people from outside make their way into the tomb. Among them being the family members we have already met. We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet: creative response specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet: creative response specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet: creative response specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There can be other people entering the building, yet it is important that we dont overcrowd the space. As the people walk in, there is still the stunned silence, still all moving keeping to slow motion. The families reach the lovers dead bodies. Romeos father realises straight away what has happened. He perceives the tragedy as his fault. The characters that are not principals start to weep. The camera does not show the family members other then Romeos father, who, silently, gently, almost gracefully and without much facial expression walks to the crucifix hanging from the wall. The setting to this scene must be worked to be very depressing, yet he is holding in his devastation. Suddenly he lifts up a dagger in his right hand and screams, WHY? This is a long, sustained scream that is most depressing. He lifts the dagger high above his head, ready to stab himself in the chest, just on the downward swing, a strong hand grasps his and stops him of committing suicide. Slowly Romeos father turns around to see the face of Juliets father standing there. Romeos father stands up and faces the whole family of the Capulets
Friday, March 20, 2020
Abstract Nouns from Adjectives
Abstract Nouns from Adjectives Abstract Nouns from Adjectives Abstract Nouns from Adjectives By Maeve Maddox Abstract nouns may be formed from adjectives by adding the suffix -ness: happy/ happiness, sad/sadness, kind/kindness, cheerful/cheerfulness. However, a large group of adjectives have distinct nouns that do not require a formation with -ness or any other suffix. A common stylistic fault is to add the -ness ending to adjectives that already have corresponding noun forms. For example, the adjective humble has the corresponding noun humility, but many English speakers donââ¬â¢t seem to be aware of it and write ââ¬Å"humblenessâ⬠instead. Here are a few examples from the web that illustrate the unnecessary use of ââ¬âness to form abstract nouns: I admire his courageousness on choosing a role that was really hard to portray She believed that pride and lack of humbleness was against the teaching of the Bible. Politicians Need Moreà Humbleness A real story made me to realize that i have hidden my braveness so many days inside me. This emphasis on responsibleness is reflected in the categorical imperative of logotherapy Developing Moral Responsibleness Through Professional Education (title of book written by a professor of educational psychology) Hey guys she said coyly, using the maximum of her sexiness and intelligentness. I wondered at my luckiness Here are several additional adjective/abstract noun pairs that seem to have escaped the notice of many journalists and bloggers: angry/anger anxious/anxiety beautiful/beauty brave/bravery chaotic/chaos compassionate/compassion courageous/ courageà à à curious/curiosity deceitful/deceit evil/evil generous/generosity humorous/humor imaginative/imagination intelligent/intelligence jealous/jealousy joyful/joy loyal/loyalty lucky/luck luxurious/luxury mature/maturity opinionated/opinion painful/pain peculiar/peculiarity responsible/responsibility romantic/romance sane/sanity sensitive/sensitivity sorrowful/sorrow strong/strength stupid/stupidity successful/success sympathetic/sympathy tolerant/tolerance warm/warmth wise/wisdom witty/wit Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Apply to, Apply for, and Apply withIn Search of a 4-Dot EllipsisGrammatical Case in English
Wednesday, March 4, 2020
Functional Math Skills That Support Independence
Functional Math Skills That Support Independence Functional math skills are those skills that students need to live independently in the community, care for themselves, and make choices about their lives. Functional skills make it possible for students with disabilities to make choices about where they will live, how they will make money, what they will do with money, and what they will do with their spare time. To do these things, they need to be able to count money, tell time, read a bus schedule, follow directions at work, and know-how to check and balance a bank account. Functional Math Skills Before students can understand numbers and numeration, they have to understand one-to-one correspondence. As they count, they need to be able to match each item or items to a corresponding number and understand that the number represents a matching or a corresponding number of items. One-to-one correspondence will also be helpful in such household tasks as setting the table and matching socks. Other functional skills include: Number recognition: This includes recognizing and being able to write the 10 digits, and then recognizing place value: ones, tens, and hundreds.Skip counting: Skip counting by 5s and 10s to 100 is important for understanding time (such as five-minute increments on an analog clock) and money. Teachers can use a hundreds chart or on a number line to demonstrate skip counting.Operations: Its vital for students to have a grasp of addition and subtraction. At a later point, if your students have an understanding of these two operations, it may be possible to introduce multiplication and division. Students with special needs may not be able to develop the ability to do the math operations themselves independently, but they can learn how the operations are used in order to use a calculator to do calculations, like balancing a bank statement or paying bills. Time Time as a functional skill involves both understanding the importance of time- such as not staying up all night or not missing appointments because they dont leave enough time to get ready- and telling time on analog and digital clocks to get to school, work, or even the bus on time. Understanding time requires comprehending that seconds are fast, minutes almost as fast, and hours much longer. Students with disabilities, especially significant cognitive or developmental disabilities, may have behavioral outbursts because they are stuck on preferred activities, and dont realize they will miss lunch. For them, building an understanding of time may involve a visual clock, like a Time Timer, or a picture schedule. These tools help give students a sense of control over their schedule and an understanding of what happens and when during their school or even home day. Parents may also benefit from having visual schedules at home. For children with autism spectrum disorders, it can help avoid long periods of self-stimulatory (stimming) behavior, which may actually undermine progress they are making at school. Teachers can also pair telling time with understanding the concept of time, for example, that 6 a.m. is when you get up and 6 p.m. is when you eat dinner. Once students can tell the time to the hour and half-hour, they can progress to skip counting by fives and telling time to the nearest five-minute interval. A geared clock, such as a Judy clock- where the hour hand moves when the minute hand goes around- helps students understand that both hands move together. Money Money, as a functional math skill, has several levels of skill: Recognizing money: pennies, nickels, dimes, and quarters.Counting money: first in single denominations and later mixed coinsUnderstand the value of money: budgets, wages, and paying bills Measurement Learning measurement for students with special needs should involve length and volume. A student should be able to use a ruler and even perhaps a tape measure for length and recognize inches, half and quarter inches, as well as feet or yards. If a student has an aptitude for carpentry or graphic arts, the ability to measure length or size will be helpful. Students should also learn volume measurements, such as cups, quarts, and gallons. This skill is useful for filling tubs, cooking, and following directions. When cooking is part of a functional curriculum, a knowledge of measures of volume will be helpful. Students should be able to choose what they will cook, and find and read recipes. Familiarity with measuring volume will help students who want to pursue work in culinary arts, such as a kitchen assistant.
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